Friday, November 1, 2024

Hitler, Trump and the "Revolution Against Reason"

The historian 
Christopher R. Browning (at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) has a revealing and terrifying essay in New York Review of Books about Hitler’s quick ascend to power in the first half of 1933. In a review of three books about the collapse of the Weimar Republic and the rise of Hitler, Browning brings forward many similarities to to today’s world, in particular the U.S. Many things that looks like Trumpian weirdness and anomalies echoes of the 1930s.
Peter Fritzsche’s Hitler’s First Hundred Days starts with Hitler’s appointment as chancellor on January 30. Fritzsche notes that there “was no such thing as majority opinion” in fragmented Germany and that the “political system had checkmated itself.” … He continues, “In order to smash the Weimar Republic the men in the room needed the Nazis, and to lever themselves into power, the Nazis needed the men in the room.”

And as we see Trump’s fanatics prepare for a second January 6, we should remember that the “Nazis had no intention of competing in a free and fair election.”

Fritzsche makes the telling argument that violence not only silenced Nazi opponents but was also essential to building support. The ongoing violence, choreographed as public rituals of humiliation that portrayed Nazi opponents as weak and ridiculous, turned entertained spectators into accomplices by virtue of their “voyeuristic pleasure.” The “wave of denunciation” that swept over Germany broadened the ranks of complicity further.

And as the Germans took watched the violence, they changed.

Fritzsche asks how such a “sea change,” in which “more and more Germans” accepted the “necessity of compliance” as well as the Nazi standard of “normality,” was possible. Coercion “played an undeniable role,” he concedes, but ultimately he concludes that “the great achievement of the Third Reich was getting Germans to see themselves as the Nazis did: as an imperiled people who had created for themselves a new lease on collective life,” and that “to make Germany great was to narrate a great awakening.”

Browning quotes Benjamin Carter Hett’s book The Death of Democracy:

“in many ways, our time more closely resembles the 1930s than it does the 1990s,” as the Nazis “were fundamentally a protest reaction against globalization.”

To build the German MAGA movement, truth has to be overcome and replaced by the submission to the Great Leader, the Fuhrer.

The lost war, revolution, unjust peace settlement, economic chaos, and “huge social and technological change” were so intolerable that they led to a rejection of reality by many Germans. And they supported Hitler because he gave “voice to this flight from reality as could no other German politician of his time.” This “hostility to reality translated into contempt for politics” that in turn destroyed the “minimal common ground” that democracy needs to function.

Like Donald Trump, Hitler lied all the time, while revealing his plans to an audience that had stopped reflecting. Truth didn’t matter.

For Hitler his message “had to be simple” and “emotional,” not intellectual. And while he was personally close to no one, he had “a remarkable intuition for the thoughts, hopes, fears, and needs of other people.” Among other traits of Hitler, Hett includes insecurity, intolerance of criticism, bombastic claims about his own achievements, and scorn for intellectuals and experts. Thus without ever mentioning Donald Trump and MAGA, Hett clearly intends to draw parallels between Hitler and the Nazis on the one hand and the current American situation on the other.

And if you are surprised that so many billionaires, powerful and conservative joined forces with a right-wing “national socialist,” you are following in the path of Germany’s conservatives.

Like Ryback and Fritzsche, Hett places ultimate responsibility for Hitler’s ascent on German conservatives, who disdained democracy:

The crisis and the deadlock of 1932 and early 1933, to which Hitler appeared as the only solution, was manufactured by a political right wing that wanted to exclude more than half the population from political representation…. To this end, a succession of conservative politicians…courted the Nazis as the only way to retain power on terms congenial to them. Hitler’s regime was the result.

Sunday, October 6, 2024

A Swede on the Hippie Trail 1974 - Watch the Video Promo!

 


I've also launched a Substack where I post excerpts from the book. Click here to check it out and subscribe!  



Tuesday, September 3, 2024

On This Day, 50 Years Ago, I and 40 Swedes Stepped Onto Two Buses Heading for India

50 years ago -- September 3, 1974 -- I and 40 other young and naïve Swedes entered two old Scania buses who were to take us from Stockholm to New Delhi in six weeks. We were not hippies, just ordinary people, but we did travel on what was once called the Silk Road, and in the 1960s became known as the "Hippie Trail." I was 20, an atheist and politically radical, so I was definitively not looking to find a Guru or spiritual enlightenment in India. And I had no desire to end up on a rooftop in Kathmandu, smoking pot. I was interested in the world, and this was an opportunity that had opened, and didn't cost much, since we slept on the buses. You can read more about my 3 1/2-month journey in my new book - A Swede on the Hippie Trail (1974) which is now globally available on Amazon. 





Monday, September 2, 2024

Heading Home From India and Left Behind on Mount Damavand

After five weeks crisscrossing southern India, we met up in New Delhi, and the long road back to Sweden could start. We drove through Pakistan, through the Khyber Pass, and to Iran via Kabul, Kandahar and Herat. As we crossed Mount Damavand, Iran’s and Asia’s largest volcano, I was left behind in my long johns in the middle of the night. Read about it in “A Swede on the Hippie Trail.” 

 Sunset in Pakistan.
Towards the Khyber Pass.

Near Jalalabad.
The Darunta Dam on the Kabul River.
Afghanistan. Near Qalat in Zabur province.
Kids in eastern Turkey.
I don't have any photos from my adventure 
on Mount Damavand, but here is one 
from eastern Turkey. 



Sunday, September 1, 2024

Kerala as a Prism of India

After Hyderabad in Telangana, Hassan, Mysuru (Mysore), and Bengaluru (Bangalore) in Karnataka, Chennai (Madras) and Madurai in Tamil Nadu, we arrived in Cochin (Kochi) on the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala. The first humans to settle Kerala followed the coastline according to the British historian Michael Wood.




”A Swede on the Hippie Trail" -- an ebook, paperback and hard cover. Find it on Amazon.


Saturday, August 31, 2024

A Ticket to South India

On October 16, we visited the Office of the Divisional Commercial Superintendent in India Railway’s Baroda House to buy train tickets for our journey through central and southern India. This building was once the residence of the Maharaja of Baroda. The walls of the office were covered with shelves stacked with binders and piles of papers behind a paper-filled desk sat an official in a white shirt. He looked over the “Letter of Identification” we had received from the Swedish Embassy, which attested that we were “bona fide students.” He then took out a form and began to fill it out on his typewriter.

The result was a Student Concession Voucher that allowed us to travel to the cities we had specified.

New Delhi - Jhansi-Sanchi - Bhopal - Khandwa-Jalgaon (by bus) - Aurangabad - Hyderabad - Bangalore City - Madras Central/ Egmere - Madurai - Rameshwaram - Madras Egmere/ Central - New Delhi.













Read the story of my journey in my new book on Amazon.



Friday, August 30, 2024

After a Week in Srinagar, the Buses Were Parked in New Delhi. We Were on Our Own...

After a week in Srinagar, Kashmir, our buses continued to New Delhi, where they were parked. We now had five weeks to travel on our own. I and my girlfriend decided to explore central and southern India. 

”A Swede on the Hippie Trail" -- soon available as an ebook, paperback and hard cover on Amazon. 

Dal Lake, Srinagar.
Srinagar, Kashmir.
New Delhi.
Stone cutters at the Red Fort, Delhi.
Jama Mashid, Delhi.



Thursday, August 29, 2024

Nomads, Kabul, and the Khyber Pass

We drove south-east from #Herat, stopping to visit a camp of #Kochi nomads, who exuded pride and independence. I approached one tent, where a man sat next to his two children. I asked using sign language if I could take a photo. He nodded, reached back and took out his rifle which he placed on his shoulder. After #Kabul, we headed for the #KhyberPass, but were not allowed to cross at night. To dangerous! 

Kochi nomad.
Kochi children.
Dromedary and a Kochi tent.
A typical black goat hair tent.
Proud Kochi nomad
Kabul
The Khyber Pass

Read more in  ”A Swede on the Hippie Trail.” 
Find it on Amazon.

Wednesday, August 28, 2024

Herat - Love At First Sight

We immediately fell in love with Herat in western Afghanistan. It was truly an oasis after having driven through the arid desert. Read more in A Swede on the Hippie Trail (1974) which in a couple of days will be available on Amazon.com as a richly illustrated ebook, paperback, as well as a hard cover book.